Pope John Paul II (Leaders)

Born in Poland, 18th May, 1920, Karol Wojtyla was brought up in a turbulent period. As a young man he lived through the brutal Nazi occupation of Poland. He witnessed many atrocities and on occasions narrowly avoided with his life. It was during the war that he made the decision to train to be a priest; this had to be done clandestinely. During the war, he was also credited for trying to help Jewish friends escape persecution.

"Strengthen the bonds that unite us and eliminate all that has divided us in the past."

- Pope John Paul II

Pope John Paul II was one of the most memorable Pope's in the modern age. He lived through the centuries most turbulent times and offered a clear moral stance and direction to the Catholic Church. Whilst his message was not always welcomed, many felt him to be a man of profound faith and goodness.

Karol Wojtyla

The defeat of Nazi Germany saw Poland suffer under a new occupation. Though much less brutal, the Communist state were suspicious of the Catholic church and Karol was frequently bugged by state officials. Nevertheless the young Pope developed a good reputation. He had intelligence, charisma and inspired many of his young students. His sharp intellect and practical understanding led to his rapid promotion within the Catholic clergy. At the age of 38 he was made the youngest bishop in Poland.

Starting in October 1962, Bishop Wojtyla participated in the ground breaking - Second Vatican Council which re-evaluated Catholic practises

Election to Pope

In 1978 after the death of Pope Paul VI and John Paul I (after only 33 days) Karol was elected pope making him one of the youngest pope's and the first pope from Poland.

It was rather a surprise for John Paul. He accepted the position with humility

‘With obedience in faith to Christ, my Lord, and with trust in the Mother of Christ and the Church, in spite of great difficulties, I accept.’

Pope John Paul soon put his mark on the papacy. He travelled widely and frequently to over 120 countries. His first visit to Poland in 1978 was a sensation with huge crowds everywhere. It was credited with sparking the solidarity movement of 1980 and providing moral support for those seeking to end Soviet rule.

Pope John Paul and fall of Berlin Wall.

Spending years in Communist dominated Poland, Pope John Paul had great hopes that he could see the overthrow of Communism. President Mikhail Gorbachev paid a generous tribute to Pope John Paul's contribution to the transition of Eastern Europe.

"Everything that happened in Eastern Europe in these last few years would have been impossible without the presence of this Pope and without the important role, including the political role, that he played on the world stage."

Pope John Paul also made a historic visit to South Africa in 1995, he had promised he would not visit South Africa until the system of apartheid was ended. He was met at the airport by Nelson Mandela. Mandela greeted him with the words

"To say your visit is long overdue is to pay tribute to you own abhorence of the system of apartheid. You delayed your visit to this country because you viewed with disdain a system that treated God's children as lesser human beings."

Pope John Paul II and Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa and John Paul were close to each other and full of admiration for their respective services. In 1994, Time magazine asked Mother Teresa for her assessment of John Paul, she replied

Ever sustained by a profound faith,

Nourished by unceasing prayer,

Fearless in unshakeable Hope,

Deeply in Love with God."

After Mother Teresa's death, Pope John Paul II pushed for her canonisation. Pope John Paul made the most number of saints during his papacy. He was key in giving legitimacy to Maria Faustina (a Polish mystic) and Padre Pio (a charismatic Italian mystic)

Pope John Paul II and Other Religions

Pope John Paul II maintained good relations with other religions showing an interest in interdenominational meetings not previously seen by the Vatican. For example at Assisi in 1986, at the World day of prayer for peace, over 120 different denominations were represented as people offered prayers for peace.

In particular, his apology for anti-semitic acts in the past encouraged better relationships between Jews and Catholics.

“We are deeply saddened by the behaviour of those who in the course of history have caused these children of yours to suffer, and asking your forgiveness we wish to commit ourselves to genuine brotherhood with the people of the Covenant.”

Pope John Paul II (12 March 2000)

The pope made over 100 apologies for various misdeeds such as women, Galileo, role in slavery, silence of Catholics during holocaust.

Devotion to Mary

Pope John Paul II had a deep devotion to the Virgin Mary. During his papacy he visited Lourdes and Fatima. In 1981, someone made an assassination attempt, although shot, the Pope survived. He credited his survival to the intervention of Our Lady of Fatima, noting it happened on the sixtieth anniversary of the Fatima apparitions. He was the first pope to have the Virgin Mary's initials added to his banner.

The pope later met his assassin, Mehmet Ali Agca, in prison and offered him forgiveness.

Pope on Moral Issues

On moral issues, the Pope was a conservative. He opposed abortion, contraception, female priests and homosexual marriages. He was criticised for his opposition to the use of condoms to fight STD such as AIDS.

He was opposed to the Iraq war in 2003, saying the United Nations should be involved in resolving conflict not unilateral force

“Wars generally do not resolve the problems for which they are fought and therefore... prove ultimately futile.” ”

Pope John Paul II

Pope John Paul II passed away in April 2005